Databook of UV Stabilizers

Author: Anna & George Wypych
ISBN 978-1-895198-88-1

First Edition
Published: 2015
Number of pages: 458

$285.00

The databook contains information on the most frequently used UV stabilizers. The information on each stabilizer included in the Databook of UV Stabilizers is divided into five sections: General information, Physical properties, Health and safety, Ecological properties, and Use & Performance. The data belong to over 100 data fields, which accommodate a variety of data available in source publications. The description of general sections below gives more detail on the composition of information.

In General information section, the following data are displayed: name, CAS #, Common name, Common synonym, Acronym, Empirical formula, Molecular weight, Chemical category, Mixture, Product contents, Moisture content, Silicone content, and EC number

Physical properties section contains data on State, Odor, Color (Gardner and Platinum-cobalt scales), Acid number, Active content, Ash contents, Acid dissociation constants, Base dissociation constant, Boiling point, Bulk density, Freezing/melting temperature, pH, Molar absorption coefficient, Physical state, Product form, Refractive index, Specific gravity, Solubility in water and solvents, Transmittance, Volatility

Health and safety section contains data on Flash point, Flash point method, Autoignition temperature, Explosive LEL, Explosive UEL, NFPA Classification, NFPA Health, NFPA Flammability, NFPA Reactivity, HMIS Classification, HMIS Health, HMIS Fire, HMIS Reactivity, HMIS Personal protection, UN Risk Phrases, R, UN Safety Phrases, S, DOT Hazard Class, UN/NA, ICAO/IATA Class, IMDG Class, TDG class, Proper shipping name, Food law approvals, Rat oral LD50, Mouse oral LD50, Rabbit dermal LD50, Inhalation rat LC50, Skin irritation, Eye irritation (human), Ingestion, First aid: eyes, skin, and inhalation, Chronic effects, Carcinogenicity, Mutagenicity, and TLV - TWA 8h (ACGIH, NIOSH, OSHA).

Ecological properties section contains data on Biodegradation probability, Aquatic toxicity LC50 (Rainbow trout, Bluegill sunfish, Fathead minnow, and Daphnia magna), and Partition coefficients (log Koc, log Kow).

Use & performance section contains information on Manufacturer, Outstanding properties, Recommended for polymers, Typical applications, Features & benefits, Processing methods, Additive application method, Recommended dosage, Davies scale, Concentration used, Food approval, Conditions to avoid, Costabilizers.

The book also contains introductory chapter in which general indicators of performance of UV stabilizers are discussed and a chapter containing information on the data fields included in the description of individual stabilizers.

1 Introduction
2 Information on data fields
3 UV Stabilizers
3.1 Organic UV absorbers
3.1.1 Benzophenones
3.1.2 Benzotriazoles
3.1.3 Benzotriazines
3.1.4 Benzoxaxinones
3.1.5 Cinamates
3.1.6 Cyanoacrylates
3.1.7 Malonates
3.1.8 Octocrylenes
3.1.9 Oxanilides
3.2 Inorganic UV absorbers
3.3 Fibers
3.4 Hindered amine stabilizers
3.4.1 Monomeric
3.4.2 Polymeric
3.5 Phenolic antioxidants
3.6 Phosphites & phosphonites
3.7 Thiosynergists
3.8 Amines
3.9 Quenchers
3.10 Optical brighteners
3.11 Synergistic mixtures of stabilizers
3.11.1 Monomeric and oligomeric HAS
3.11.2 HAS+UV absorber
3.11.3 Phosphite+phenolic antioxidant
3.11.4 HAS+UV absorber+phenolic antioxidant
3.11.5 Other

Anna Wypych, born in 1937, studied chemical engineering and polymer chemistry and obtained M. Sc. in chemical engineering in 1960. The professional expertise includes both teaching and research & development. Anna Wypych has published 1 book (MSDS Manual), 6 scientific papers, 3 databases, and obtained 3 patents. She specializes in polymer additives for PVC and other polymers and evaluates their effect on health and environment.

George Wypych has a Ph. D. in chemical engineering. His professional expertise includes both university teaching (full professor) and research & development. He has published 14 books: PVC Plastisols, (University Press); Polyvinylchloride Degradation, (Elsevier); Polyvinylchloride Stabilization, (Elsevier); Polymer Modified Textile Materials, (Wiley & Sons); Handbook of Material Weathering, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Editions, (ChemTec Publishing); Handbook of Fillers, 1st and 2nd Editions, (ChemTec Publishing); Recycling of PVC, (ChemTec Publishing); Weathering of Plastics. Testing to Mirror Real Life Performance, (Plastics Design Library), Handbook of Solvents, Handbook of Plasticizers, Handbook of Antistatics, Handbook of Antiblocking, Release, and Slip Additives, PVC Degradation & Stabilization, The PVC Formulary (all by ChemTec Publishing), 47 scientific papers, and he has obtained 16 patents. He specializes in polymer additives, polymer processing and formulation, material durability and the development of sealants and coatings. He is included in the Dictionary of International Biography, Who's Who in Plastics and Polymers, Who's Who in Engineering, and was selected International Man of the Year 1996-1997 in recognition for his services to education.

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{"id":11242247108,"title":"Addcon World 2003","handle":"978-1-85957-370-9","description":"\u003ch5\u003eDescription\u003c\/h5\u003e\nAuthor: Conference Proceedings \u003cbr\u003eISBN 978-1-85957-370-9 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eVienna, Austria, 21-22 October 2003\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003epages 243\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eSummary\u003c\/h5\u003e\nAddcon World 2003 was the 9th international conference on additives for plastics. The two-day conference focused on the technical advances and issues facing the plastics additives and modifiers industry. Papers consider value creation in the additives business and various aspects of additive technology, including flame retardants, stabilisers, process aids, compatibilisers, impact modifiers, and new pigments\n\u003ch5\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/h5\u003e\nList of Papers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSESSION ONE - ADDITIVE MARKET TRENDS\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003eMarkets for Plastics Additives\u003cbr\u003eGeoff Pritchard, Hallow Plastics\/Rapra, UK Plastics Additives Market in China\u003cbr\u003eRobert Constable, Fred Gastrock \u0026amp; Louis Kattas, BRG Townsend Inc, USA End Users and Additives Suppliers: Where are the Fields of Understanding and Mutual Value Creation?\u003cbr\u003eRaphael Mestanza, SpecialChem, France \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSESSION TWO - COMPATIBILISERS\/ FORMULATION SOFTWARE\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003eCompatibilisation of Polypropylene\/Polystyrene Blends by Aromatic-Grafted Polypropylene\u003cbr\u003eSyed Mustafa Syed Jamaludin, R Nor Azlan, MY Ahmad Fuad, ZA Mohd Ishak \u0026amp; H Azanam Shah, SIRIM Berhad, Malaysia Modeling and Informatics for the Development of Additives and Formulations\u003cbr\u003eDavid Nicolaides, Gerhard Goldbeck-Wood, Klaus Stark \u0026amp; Antoine Schlijper, Accelrys, UK \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSESSION THREE - FLAME RETARDANTS AND MODIFIERS\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003eNew Developments in Flame Retarded PBT\u003cbr\u003e2Ronald Wilmer, 2Rudi Borms, 1Yoav Bar Yaakov \u0026amp; 1Pierre Georlette, DSBG Eurobrom BV, 1 Israel, 2The Netherlands Studies on the Mechanism of Thermal Decomposition of Unsaturates Polyester Resins with Reduced Flammability\u003cbr\u003eEwa Kicko-Walczak, Industrial Chemistry Research Institute, Poland A New MBS Impact Modifier for Tailor-Made ABS\u003cbr\u003eDidier Debier, Fabrizio Trinchero, Rohm \u0026amp; Haas France SAS, France Functionalised Ethylene Acrylate Polymers as Polymer Modifiers\u003cbr\u003eKarlheinz Hausmann, Richard T Chou \u0026amp; Coreen Y Lee, DuPont de Nemours International SA, Switzerland \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSESSION FOUR - PROTECTING PLASTICS\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003eEnvironmental and Micro-Environmental Influences Affecting Performance of Polymer Stabilisers\u003cbr\u003e1Jan Pospí?il, 1Jan Pilar, 1Antonín Marek, 2Norman C. 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{"id":11242246724,"title":"Antifouling Paint Biocides","handle":"978-3-540-31404-2","description":"\u003ch5\u003eDescription\u003c\/h5\u003e\nAuthor: Konstantinou, Ioannis K. (Ed.) \u003cbr\u003eISBN 978-3-540-31404-2 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e266 p., Hardcover\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis item usually ships in 3-4 weeks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eSummary\u003c\/h5\u003e\nThis volume describes the state-of-the-art advances regarding antifouling paint biocides and provides a thorough evaluation of research and information on major topics such as occurrence and levels, environmental fate, analytical techniques and methods for the monitoring and control, environmental modeling, ecotoxicological effects and risk assessment placing emphasis on the knowledge acquired over the last 10 years. The contamination of the aquatic environment by antifouling compounds has been a topic of increasing importance during the last few years.\u003cbr\u003eThe major classes of antifouling active biocides are discussed including the old-fashioned organotin compounds, the modern organic booster biocides and the promising naturally occurring antifoulant products. Therefore, the reader will get a balanced view of this developing field. Chapters were written by leading experts in their field who critically surveyed all the major areas of progress. This volume is an important resource and can constitute a good grounding in the field of antifouling paint biocides.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/h5\u003e\nJ.W. Readman: Development, Occurrence, and Regulation of Antifouling Paint Biocides: Historical Review and Future Trends.- I. Omae: Chemistry and Fate of Organotin Antifouling Biocides in the Environment.- C. Brunori, I. Ipolyi, P. Massanisso, R. Morabito: New Trends in Sample Preparation Methods for the Determination of Organotin Compounds in Marine Matrices.- K. Fent: Worldwide Occurrence and Effects of Organotin Antifouling Paints in the Aquatic Environment.- B. van Hattum, A. Baart, J. Boon: Emission Estimation and Chemical Fate Modelling of Antifoulants.- A. Aguera, M.D. Hernado, A. Fernandez-Alba, D. Barcelo: Evaluation of Antifouling Booster Biocides in Marine Water and Sediments based on Mass Spectrometric Techniques.- N. Voulvoulis: Antifouling Paint Booster Biocides: Occurrence and Partitioning in Water and Sediments.- V.A. Sakkas, I.K. Konstantinou, T.A. Albanis: Photochemical Fate of Organic Booster Biocides in the Aquatic Environment.- H. Okamura, H. Mieno: Present Status of the Antifouling Systems in Japan: TBT Substitutes in Japan.- H. Yamada: Toxicity and Preliminary Risk Assessment of Alternative Antifouling Biocides to Aquatic Organisms.- I. Omae: General Aspects of Natural Products Antifoulants in the Environment","published_at":"2017-06-22T21:15:04-04:00","created_at":"2017-06-22T21:15:04-04:00","vendor":"Chemtec Publishing","type":"Book","tags":["2006","antifouling agents","Biocides","biostabilizer","Biostabilizers","book","organotin compounds","p-additives","Paint","polymer","TBT","Tertiary Butyl Tin","water pollution"],"price":33000,"price_min":33000,"price_max":33000,"available":true,"price_varies":false,"compare_at_price":null,"compare_at_price_min":0,"compare_at_price_max":0,"compare_at_price_varies":false,"variants":[{"id":43378458500,"title":"Default Title","option1":"Default Title","option2":null,"option3":null,"sku":"","requires_shipping":true,"taxable":true,"featured_image":null,"available":true,"name":"Antifouling Paint Biocides","public_title":null,"options":["Default Title"],"price":33000,"weight":1000,"compare_at_price":null,"inventory_quantity":1,"inventory_management":null,"inventory_policy":"continue","barcode":"978-3-540-31404-2","requires_selling_plan":false,"selling_plan_allocations":[]}],"images":["\/\/chemtec.org\/cdn\/shop\/products\/978-3-540-31404-2.jpg?v=1498187278"],"featured_image":"\/\/chemtec.org\/cdn\/shop\/products\/978-3-540-31404-2.jpg?v=1498187278","options":["Title"],"media":[{"alt":null,"id":350148264029,"position":1,"preview_image":{"aspect_ratio":0.767,"height":450,"width":345,"src":"\/\/chemtec.org\/cdn\/shop\/products\/978-3-540-31404-2.jpg?v=1498187278"},"aspect_ratio":0.767,"height":450,"media_type":"image","src":"\/\/chemtec.org\/cdn\/shop\/products\/978-3-540-31404-2.jpg?v=1498187278","width":345}],"requires_selling_plan":false,"selling_plan_groups":[],"content":"\u003ch5\u003eDescription\u003c\/h5\u003e\nAuthor: Konstantinou, Ioannis K. (Ed.) \u003cbr\u003eISBN 978-3-540-31404-2 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e266 p., Hardcover\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis item usually ships in 3-4 weeks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eSummary\u003c\/h5\u003e\nThis volume describes the state-of-the-art advances regarding antifouling paint biocides and provides a thorough evaluation of research and information on major topics such as occurrence and levels, environmental fate, analytical techniques and methods for the monitoring and control, environmental modeling, ecotoxicological effects and risk assessment placing emphasis on the knowledge acquired over the last 10 years. 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Omae: General Aspects of Natural Products Antifoulants in the Environment"}

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{"id":11242214020,"title":"Biocides in Plastics","handle":"978-1-85957-512-3","description":"\u003ch5\u003eDescription\u003c\/h5\u003e\nAuthor: D. Nichols, Thor Overseas Limited \u003cbr\u003eISBN 978-1-85957-512-3 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePages: 126\u003cbr\u003eFormat: Soft-backed\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eSummary\u003c\/h5\u003e\nThe use of biocides in plastics is commonplace. They are added to protect the plastic from degradation by microbes or to provide an external antimicrobial hygienic surface.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBiocides are selected on the basis of their function and the application for which they are intended, but choosing the right biocide is often not so simple. As well as biocidal performance, the in-process stability, migration, leachability, light and heat stability may all be important factors.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis Rapra Review Report examines the use of biocides in plastics with reference to material types and application requirements. The commonly available biocides are reviewed and details of their strengths and weaknesses are provided. The author reviews the frequently used test methods for fungi and bacteria, and, in an ever-changing regulatory environment, explores the influence of legislation on the current and future use of such biocides.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis report will be of interest to biocide suppliers and plastic product manufacturers, and to all professionals requiring information on biocide chemistry and application.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis detailed and state-of-the-art review is supported by an indexed section containing several hundred key references and abstracts selected from the Polymer Library.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003cb\u003e1 INTRODUCTION\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e2.1 Bacteria\u003cbr\u003e2.2 Fungi\u003cbr\u003e2.3 Algae\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 THE NEED FOR BIOCIDES IN PLASTICS AND BASIC MICROBIOLOGY\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 PLASTIC MATERIALS REQUIRING BIOCIDES\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e3.1 Biostabiliser Effects\u003cbr\u003e3.1.1 Nutrient Sources for Fungi and Bacteria\u003cbr\u003e3.1.2 Microbiological Effects\u003cbr\u003e3.1.3 Organisms of Importance\u003cbr\u003e3.2 Hygienic Applications\u003cbr\u003e3.2.1 Organisms of Interest\u003cbr\u003e3.2.2 Merits of Such Biocides\u003cbr\u003e3.2.3 The Bacterial Problem\u003cbr\u003e3.2.4 False Claims\u003cbr\u003e3.2.5 Conclusions Regarding Hygienic Applications\u003cbr\u003e3.3 Active Packaging\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 TEST METHODS\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e4.1 Fungal Test Methods\u003cbr\u003e4.1.1 Fungicidal Procedures\u003cbr\u003e4.1.2 Fungistatic Procedures\u003cbr\u003e4.1.3 Soil Burial\u003cbr\u003e4.1.4 Humidity Chamber or Vermiculite Bed\u003cbr\u003e4.2 Bacterial Test Methods\u003cbr\u003e4.2.1 Resistance of Plastic to Bacteria\u003cbr\u003e4.2.2 Antimicrobial Plastic\u003cbr\u003e4.2.3 Pink Stain Test\u003cbr\u003e4.3 Laboratory Tests versus use Conditions\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 AVAILABLE ACTIVE INGREDIENTS\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e5.1 Migratory Biocides\u003cbr\u003e5.1.1 OBPA\u003cbr\u003e5.1.2 OIT\u003cbr\u003e5.1.3 Butyl BIT\u003cbr\u003e5.1.4 Zinc Pyrithione\u003cbr\u003e5.1.5 Iodo-Propylbutyl Carbamate (IPBC)\u003cbr\u003e5.1.6 N-Haloalkylthio Compounds\u003cbr\u003e5.1.7 Carbendazim (N-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamic acid methylester)\u003cbr\u003e5.1.8 Bethoxazin (3-Benzo(b)thien-2-yl-5,6-dihydro-1,4,2-oxathiazine 4-oxide)\u003cbr\u003e5.2 Non or Low Migratory Biocides\u003cbr\u003e5.2.1 Triclosan (2,2,4-dicholoro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether)\u003cbr\u003e5.2.2 DCOIT \u003cbr\u003e5.2.3 Silver\u003cbr\u003e5.2.4 Sustainable Antimicrobial Polymers (Degussa)\u003cbr\u003e5.2.5 Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles\u003cbr\u003e5.3 Other Ingredients\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 LEGISLATION REGARDING BIOCIDES\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e6.1 Limitations of Use\u003cbr\u003e6.2 Future Requirements\u003cbr\u003e6.3 BPD Exemptions\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 SUMMARY\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdditional References\u003cbr\u003eUnpublished References\u003cbr\u003eBibliography\u003cbr\u003eAcknowledgements\u003cbr\u003eAbbreviations\u003cbr\u003eSubject Index\u003cbr\u003eCompany Index\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eAbout Author\u003c\/h5\u003e\nDean Nichols has a BSc. (Hons.) degree in biology and has worked for THOR, a speciality chemicals company and leading biocide company, for the past 15 years. His experience has involved research and development and marketing of biocides and other speciality chemicals to the Middle East, Europe and some countries in the Far East. Currently, he is a member of Thors biocide product management team and has a global role for promotion of products, services and expertise into various market sectors.","published_at":"2017-06-22T21:13:20-04:00","created_at":"2017-06-22T21:13:20-04:00","vendor":"Chemtec Publishing","type":"Book","tags":["2005","Biocides","book","degradation plastics","environment","p-additives","polymer"],"price":15300,"price_min":15300,"price_max":15300,"available":true,"price_varies":false,"compare_at_price":null,"compare_at_price_min":0,"compare_at_price_max":0,"compare_at_price_varies":false,"variants":[{"id":43378351044,"title":"Default Title","option1":"Default Title","option2":null,"option3":null,"sku":"","requires_shipping":true,"taxable":true,"featured_image":null,"available":true,"name":"Biocides in Plastics","public_title":null,"options":["Default Title"],"price":15300,"weight":1000,"compare_at_price":null,"inventory_quantity":0,"inventory_management":null,"inventory_policy":"continue","barcode":"978-1-85957-512-3","requires_selling_plan":false,"selling_plan_allocations":[]}],"images":["\/\/chemtec.org\/cdn\/shop\/products\/978-1-85957-512-3.jpg?v=1498191099"],"featured_image":"\/\/chemtec.org\/cdn\/shop\/products\/978-1-85957-512-3.jpg?v=1498191099","options":["Title"],"media":[{"alt":null,"id":350156849245,"position":1,"preview_image":{"aspect_ratio":0.767,"height":450,"width":345,"src":"\/\/chemtec.org\/cdn\/shop\/products\/978-1-85957-512-3.jpg?v=1498191099"},"aspect_ratio":0.767,"height":450,"media_type":"image","src":"\/\/chemtec.org\/cdn\/shop\/products\/978-1-85957-512-3.jpg?v=1498191099","width":345}],"requires_selling_plan":false,"selling_plan_groups":[],"content":"\u003ch5\u003eDescription\u003c\/h5\u003e\nAuthor: D. Nichols, Thor Overseas Limited \u003cbr\u003eISBN 978-1-85957-512-3 \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePages: 126\u003cbr\u003eFormat: Soft-backed\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eSummary\u003c\/h5\u003e\nThe use of biocides in plastics is commonplace. They are added to protect the plastic from degradation by microbes or to provide an external antimicrobial hygienic surface.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBiocides are selected on the basis of their function and the application for which they are intended, but choosing the right biocide is often not so simple. As well as biocidal performance, the in-process stability, migration, leachability, light and heat stability may all be important factors.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis Rapra Review Report examines the use of biocides in plastics with reference to material types and application requirements. The commonly available biocides are reviewed and details of their strengths and weaknesses are provided. The author reviews the frequently used test methods for fungi and bacteria, and, in an ever-changing regulatory environment, explores the influence of legislation on the current and future use of such biocides.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis report will be of interest to biocide suppliers and plastic product manufacturers, and to all professionals requiring information on biocide chemistry and application.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis detailed and state-of-the-art review is supported by an indexed section containing several hundred key references and abstracts selected from the Polymer Library.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eTable of Contents\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003cb\u003e1 INTRODUCTION\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e2.1 Bacteria\u003cbr\u003e2.2 Fungi\u003cbr\u003e2.3 Algae\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 THE NEED FOR BIOCIDES IN PLASTICS AND BASIC MICROBIOLOGY\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 PLASTIC MATERIALS REQUIRING BIOCIDES\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e3.1 Biostabiliser Effects\u003cbr\u003e3.1.1 Nutrient Sources for Fungi and Bacteria\u003cbr\u003e3.1.2 Microbiological Effects\u003cbr\u003e3.1.3 Organisms of Importance\u003cbr\u003e3.2 Hygienic Applications\u003cbr\u003e3.2.1 Organisms of Interest\u003cbr\u003e3.2.2 Merits of Such Biocides\u003cbr\u003e3.2.3 The Bacterial Problem\u003cbr\u003e3.2.4 False Claims\u003cbr\u003e3.2.5 Conclusions Regarding Hygienic Applications\u003cbr\u003e3.3 Active Packaging\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 TEST METHODS\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e4.1 Fungal Test Methods\u003cbr\u003e4.1.1 Fungicidal Procedures\u003cbr\u003e4.1.2 Fungistatic Procedures\u003cbr\u003e4.1.3 Soil Burial\u003cbr\u003e4.1.4 Humidity Chamber or Vermiculite Bed\u003cbr\u003e4.2 Bacterial Test Methods\u003cbr\u003e4.2.1 Resistance of Plastic to Bacteria\u003cbr\u003e4.2.2 Antimicrobial Plastic\u003cbr\u003e4.2.3 Pink Stain Test\u003cbr\u003e4.3 Laboratory Tests versus use Conditions\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 AVAILABLE ACTIVE INGREDIENTS\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e5.1 Migratory Biocides\u003cbr\u003e5.1.1 OBPA\u003cbr\u003e5.1.2 OIT\u003cbr\u003e5.1.3 Butyl BIT\u003cbr\u003e5.1.4 Zinc Pyrithione\u003cbr\u003e5.1.5 Iodo-Propylbutyl Carbamate (IPBC)\u003cbr\u003e5.1.6 N-Haloalkylthio Compounds\u003cbr\u003e5.1.7 Carbendazim (N-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamic acid methylester)\u003cbr\u003e5.1.8 Bethoxazin (3-Benzo(b)thien-2-yl-5,6-dihydro-1,4,2-oxathiazine 4-oxide)\u003cbr\u003e5.2 Non or Low Migratory Biocides\u003cbr\u003e5.2.1 Triclosan (2,2,4-dicholoro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether)\u003cbr\u003e5.2.2 DCOIT \u003cbr\u003e5.2.3 Silver\u003cbr\u003e5.2.4 Sustainable Antimicrobial Polymers (Degussa)\u003cbr\u003e5.2.5 Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles\u003cbr\u003e5.3 Other Ingredients\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 LEGISLATION REGARDING BIOCIDES\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e6.1 Limitations of Use\u003cbr\u003e6.2 Future Requirements\u003cbr\u003e6.3 BPD Exemptions\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 SUMMARY\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAdditional References\u003cbr\u003eUnpublished References\u003cbr\u003eBibliography\u003cbr\u003eAcknowledgements\u003cbr\u003eAbbreviations\u003cbr\u003eSubject Index\u003cbr\u003eCompany Index\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003ch5\u003eAbout Author\u003c\/h5\u003e\nDean Nichols has a BSc. (Hons.) degree in biology and has worked for THOR, a speciality chemicals company and leading biocide company, for the past 15 years. His experience has involved research and development and marketing of biocides and other speciality chemicals to the Middle East, Europe and some countries in the Far East. Currently, he is a member of Thors biocide product management team and has a global role for promotion of products, services and expertise into various market sectors."}